Cusco: a backpackers ultimate guide to the best city in Peru
Cusco, once the heart of the Inca Empire, is a city full of history and culture. This Cusco travel guide introduces you to the heart of the Andean highlands of Peru, where Cusco stands as the gateway to the world-renowned Machu Picchu. But there’s much more to this city than just one attraction. With its old, stone streets and lively modern life, Cusco is a place full of discovery and excitement. Cusco is a destination that promises a journey of discovery and wonder, ideal for your Cusco itinerary of 5 days or even a shorter 4 days in Cusco.
When you plan your Cusco backpacking trip, you’ll find yourself excited by every little detail and story you come across. Whether you’re into mountains, ancient civilizations, or just want to experience a totally different culture, Cusco is the perfect place. It’s more than a spot on the map; it’s a gateway to a world where history and today mix together. Every corner of the street has something new to show, and each experience will touch your heart.
This Cusco travel blog article delves deep into the heart of Cusco, unravelling its mysteries and highlighting the essentials that every traveller should know. From practical travel tips such as tips for the Cusco city altitude to hidden gems waiting to be discovered, this Cusco guide is your compass for navigating the rich experiences that Cusco offers. Get ready for a journey that’s not just about seeing new places but also about exploring history, culture, and personal growth. Welcome to Cusco – a city where every step tells a story and every path leads to something wonderful.
Top Activities in Cusco
Explore the city of Machu Picchu
The ancient Incan citadel of Machu Picchu is a sight to behold. Perched atop a mountain, this UNESCO World Heritage site is accessible by train or via the Inca Trail. The mysterious ruins offer a glimpse into the Incan civilisation and are a highlight for any backpacker. Best visited early morning to avoid crowds, the journey to the city of Machu Picchu is as breathtaking as the destination itself.
Trek to Rainbow Mountain
A visit to Cusco is not complete without trekking to the spectacular Rainbow Mountain, officially known as Vinicunca. This natural wonder, famous for its stunning multi-coloured layers, has rapidly become a must-see destination near Cusco. The colours of the mountain, created by mineral deposits over centuries, make it a photographer’s paradise. The trek to Rainbow Mountain is a full-day adventure, starting early in the morning and involving a challenging but rewarding hike at a high altitude. The journey offers breathtaking views of the Andes and a unique opportunity to experience the beauty and solitude of the Peruvian wilderness. It’s advisable to acclimatize in Cusco before undertaking this hike and to consider using a local guide for the best experience. Remember to pack warm clothing, as temperatures can vary, and the altitude can make the climate quite cold.
Wander Through the San Pedro Market
For a taste of local life, the San Pedro Market – located in Cusco’s city centre – is a must-visit. Here, you’ll find everything from fresh produce and traditional crafts to local delicacies. It’s a perfect place to sample local cuisine and pick up souvenirs. The vibrant atmosphere and array of goods make it an unforgettable cultural experience
Discover the Sacred Valley
The Sacred Valley, with its stunning landscapes and significant archaeological sites, is a haven for history buffs and nature lovers. Explore ancient Cusco ruins like Ollantaytambo and Pisac, and immerse yourself in the tranquil beauty of the Andean countryside.
Experience the Colorful Festival of Inti Raymi
Held in June, Inti Raymi, the Festival of the Sun, is a spectacular event. This traditional Incan ceremony, reenacted with vibrant costumes and lively music, is a celebration of the winter solstice and a tribute to the Inca Sun God. It’s a unique opportunity to witness a part of Incan culture that still thrives today.
Visit Sacsayhuamán
Just outside Cusco lies Sacsayhuamán, an impressive Incan fortress known for its massive stone walls. The precision of the stonework and the panoramic views of Cusco make it a fascinating excursion.
Accommodation Highlights: Where to Stay
Hostel name | Rating & Number of reviews | Description | Private rooms? | Female dorm? | Starting prices |
Pariwani | 8,8 6700+ | Most popular hostel in town, it has games in the common areas, a tours & travel desk , free breakfast, a cool artsy design and is very social! | Yes | No
| 11 euros |
Viajero Kokopelli | 9,4 3000+ | They have a bar, daily activities, live music and dj’s with happy hours and weekly food events and lessons. The hostel is created in a way that is inviting to connect and is therefore the best hostel in Cusco for solo travellers.
| Yes | Yes | 13 euros |
Wild Rover | 9,1 3200+ | Wild rover is known for their parties and this particular wild rover has a sound proof bar, meaning that if you’re done partying you can go to bed at any time and fall asleep in no time!
| No | Yes | 7 euros |
Exploring the City: A Cultural Mosaic
Cusco, once the heart of the Inca Empire, is now a vibrant tapestry of history, culture, and modernity. As a backpacker, exploring this city offers an unparalleled opportunity to delve into a rich cultural mosaic. From ancient ruins to contemporary local life, each element of Cusco tells a story, making the exploration an essential aspect of your trip.
Historic Landmarks
The city is a living museum, with its streets and plazas echoing centuries of history. Begin your exploration at the iconic Sacsayhuamán, an impressive Incan fortress with massive stone walls, just a short distance from the city center. It offers a glimpse into the architectural prowess of the Incas and a panoramic view of Cusco.
No visit to Cusco is complete without spending time in the Plaza de Armas, the heart of the city. This bustling square is flanked by the Cusco Cathedral and La Compañía de Jesús Church, both splendid examples of colonial architecture. The cathedral, built on the foundations of an Incan palace, houses a collection of colonial art and a unique rendition of The Last Supper featuring local cuisine.
Another must-visit site is Qorikancha, the Temple of the Sun. Once the most important temple in the Inca Empire, it was largely destroyed by the Spanish conquistadors, who built the Santo Domingo Church atop its ruins. This site symbolizes the layering of cultures that defines Cusco.
The Vibrant Local Markets
For a taste of local life, dive into Cusco’s markets. The San Pedro Market is an explosion of sights, sounds, and smells. Here, you can find everything from fresh produce and traditional textiles to artisanal crafts. It’s not just a market but a sensory journey into the everyday lives of Cusqueños.
As you wander through these markets, take the opportunity to engage with the locals. Whether it’s conversing with a vendor or sharing a meal at a communal table, these interactions offer genuine insights into the local culture and customs.
Transportation: Getting to and Around Cusco
Cusco is well-connected by air, with frequent flights from Lima and other major cities in Peru. For a scenic route, buses from Lima, Arequipa, and Puno offer a glimpse into the diverse landscapes of Peru. Once in Cusco, the city is best explored on foot, allowing backpackers to fully immerse themselves in its charm. For longer distances, local buses and taxis are readily available and affordable, making it easy to navigate the city and surrounding areas.
Climate and Best Time to Visit
Cusco experiences a temperate climate with two distinct seasons: the dry season from May to October and the wet season from November to April. The dry season, with its clear skies and milder temperatures, is ideal for hiking and exploring the city. However, the wet season brings fewer tourists and a lush, green landscape, offering a different kind of beauty. Layered clothing is recommended, as temperatures can vary significantly throughout the day.
Local Cuisine
Peruvian cuisine is a rich tapestry of flavours, influenced by a variety of cultures including Incan, Spanish, African, and Asian. In Cusco, traditional Andean ingredients are the stars of the show. One must-try dish is “Cuy” (guinea pig), a local delicacy often reserved for special occasions. It’s usually roasted and served whole, making for a unique culinary experience. Another staple is “Alpaca,” which is leaner than beef and rich in flavour, often served grilled or in stews.
Don’t miss out on trying “Choclo con Queso,” a street food favourite consisting of large-kernelled corn served with a slice of local cheese. For something hearty, “Lomo Saltado,” a stir-fry dish combining marinated beef, vegetables, and fried potatoes, is a delightful fusion of Peruvian and Chinese flavours. And of course, no culinary exploration in Cusco would be complete without sampling “Papas a la Huancaína,” boiled potatoes in a spicy, creamy sauce.
Health and Safety: Travel Smart
Travelling to Cusco, like any adventure, comes with its set of health and safety considerations. Being informed and prepared can make a significant difference in your overall experience. Cusco’s unique environment, high altitude, and cultural differences present specific challenges that need to be addressed to ensure a safe and healthy journey.
Altitude Sickness
One of the primary concerns for travellers in Cusco is altitude sickness, also known as acute mountain sickness (AMS). The Cusco city altitude is approximately 3,400 meters (11,200 feet) above sea level, where the air is thinner and less oxygen is available. Symptoms of AMS include headache, nausea, dizziness, fatigue, and shortness of breath. To mitigate these symptoms:
– Acclimatize: Allow your body to adjust to the altitude by spending a few days in Cusco before engaging in strenuous activities.
– Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water, but avoid excessive alcohol and caffeine.
– Eat Light: Opt for light, high-carbohydrate meals for easier digestion.
– Consider Medication: Talk to your doctor about altitude sickness medication like Acetazolamide (Diamox) before your trip.